Introduction
In this blog, we will discuss the Strategy Design Pattern In Python. You should be familiar with some of the fundamental concepts of Object-Oriented Programming before digging into the strategy pattern (OOP). Classes and objects are at the centre of the design pattern notion. The design patterns are higher-level approaches to problems that crop up frequently. They resemble the blueprint of how to deal with a certain issue. They do not have to use just one kind of programming language. Any programming language that supports object-oriented programming can employ design patterns; the method remains the same even while the syntax varies.
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Various Forms:
Design patterns come in various forms, such as creational, structural, and behavioural patterns. Different approaches to object creation that boost the adaptability of our programmes are known as creational patterns. Relationships between the items are at the heart of structural patterns, which use objects and classes to adapt bigger structures. Effective communication and interactions between objects are what behavioural patterns are about.
Strategy
Our programme may choose algorithms at runtime thanks to the design pattern known as the strategy pattern, which makes it adaptable. A strategy pattern “intends to establish a family of algorithms, encapsulates each one, and makes them interchangeable,” according to GoF’s initial book on design patterns. More peculiarly, it enables you to specify a collection of algorithms that can be switched out at runtime depending on a number of variables. Because it allows the behaviour of an algorithm to be changed at runtime, the strategy pattern falls under the category of behavioural design patterns.
Usage
You might have a few options when writing code to do anything when creating software applications. You may wish to alter your strategy without altering the code depending on your client’s preferences, your data sources, or other elements. In the main class of the code, you frequently have a tendency to define algorithms using conditional statements for various circumstances. However, it is not a graceful approach to producing better code. It lengthens the main class in your code, making it difficult to maintain the programme.
The strategy pattern is the best option in these circumstances. The strategy pattern advises you to create classes for your algorithms that are referred to as strategies. The main class, context, contains a reference to the tactic, and the code operates in accordance with that circumstance. The situation does not choose a case-appropriate technique. Instead, the client gives the context of the intended strategy.
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UML Graphs
The Strategy pattern’s UML diagram is shown below.
- The main class in our programme is context. It continues to make mention one of the practical tactics.
- All supported strategies share a common interface called a strategy. Only through the strategy interface can context communicate with other strategies.
- ConcreteStrategies — These classes use the Strategy interface to implement the algorithm.
Implementation
Let’s look at how to implement a strategy pattern step by step.
- In the primary class, you should decide which algorithms you want to use as concrete tactics.
- Add a reference to the strategy, a method to set the strategy, and a method to execute the strategy to the context (main class). To avoid switching between strategies unless the default one is preferred, you can establish a default strategy.
- Explain the Strategy Interface, which all concrete strategies share. You can modify an abstract method in the Strategy interface to create concrete strategies.
- Define the specific strategies that the Strategy interface should be implemented with. The execute method of the Strategy interface must be overridden with a common method for these concrete strategies.
- Users can now choose their preferred strategy during runtime. Make a context object and transmit a specific plan.
Conclusion
You have learned where and how to utilise the strategy pattern in your code Strategy Design Pattern in Python in this blog. The strategy pattern can use to create adaptable and maintainable software programmes. Without modifying the code, you can change between algorithms at runtime depending on the user’s choice. But you can avoid using strategy if your code has a few algorithms. Your code will only appear more complicated due to the multiple classes and objects. The Strategy pattern can use to select the behaviour of the application instead using conditional expressions. However, a significant negative of strategy patterns is that in order to choose what they need, users must be aware of how different strategies differ from one another.
Therefore, it would be appropriate to adopt the strategy pattern only when the application’s variety in behaviour is pertinent to the users. Therefore, use the strategy pattern to make your software applications versatile.
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